Rotor-type bead beaters are powered by micromotors and utilize zirconia beads for breaking cells and tough tissues. Their high shear force generates rapid and thorough disruption.
Serial dilutions of both target microorganisms and internal control genomic DNA were bead beaten using either the OmniLyse device or industry standard benchtop Biospec Mini-BeadBeater in triplicate to generate results for comparison at each concentration level.
Størrelser
Biospec offers several sizes of beads designed to target various tissues and cells, from glass (diameter 2.5 mm, density of 2.5 g/cc) used for beadbeating to Zirconia/Silica beads with 50% higher densities that are ideal for spores and tissues) and Garnet sharp particles (density 4.1 g/cc; accelerates tissue lysis) available in one-pound bottles.
All three bead medias are chemically inert and resistant to fragmentation, making them the ideal solution for disrupting microorganisms, single-cell preparations, or plant/animal tissues with up to 95% efficiency in three minutes.
BeadBeater can also be used with various vial sizes (up to 1.0 mL) and mixers, including vortexers.
Small sample laboratory mixer and homogenizer made of stainless steel rotor-stator, handy and mobile, powerful motor with speed control from 5,000 to 30,000rpm for mixing, emulsification, shredding or chopping (including large mortar/pestle for crushing) of less than 1/2mL treatable volume samples.
Bruksområder
A two ml sample of thawed mosquito tissue is added to a sterile homogenization microvial with 2.0 mm Zirconia beads and 0.5 ml Homogenization Media in order to be homogenized for two minutes using the SoniBeast Cell Disruptor from BioSpec Products of Bartlesville, Oklahoma and stored as homogenate (see image below).
Zirconia/Silica beads with a density of 2.5 g/cc are widely used for beadbeating of bacterial, yeast/fungal samples as well as for grinding seeds and leaves dry, while Chrome-Steel beads have an extremely heavy density at 7.9 g/cc and should only be placed inside reinforced or polypropylene 2-ml microvials that can withstand crushing of steel beads; ordinary screw-cap plastic microvials will crack or leak under impact of steel bead collision.
Start with cold media and sample for optimal results, since warming during beadbeating will compromise both their quality and quantity of nucleic acids, proteins and functional subcellular organelles isolated from lysed cells or organisms. An ice water jacket helps manage temperature during beadbeating.
Sikkerhet
The Mini-Beadbeater-Plus violently agitates up to one half gram of biological material sealed inside a 2 ml screw-cap microvial filled with glass, zirconia or steel lysing beads in 90 seconds without foaming or aerosol formation, disintegrating microorganisms, plant or animal tissues, as well as nucleic acids with minimal cross-contamination between samples as well as being useful in nucleic acid isolation. For optimal results solid samples should first be pre-chopped into pieces less than 1 mm cross section with single edge razor blade or fragmented at liquid nitrogen temperatures using BioPulverizer from BioSpec Products.
Glass beads typically feature a density of 2.5 g/cc and are the go-to choice for beadbeating applications. Zirconia/Silica beads boast 50% more density than glass – ideal for tough tissue such as spores. Chrome-steel sharp particles have a density of 7.9 g/cc for grinding dried leaves or seeds at cryo temperatures; when dry grinding at cryo temperatures is necessary however, special “XXTuff” reinforced polypropylene or stainless steel microvials must be used, as regular glass/polypropylene vials could crack under high shaking energies or high pressure generated by the “Beadbeater”.
Garnet (an iron-aluminum silicate sharp particle) has a density of 4.1 g/cc and can quickly dislodge bacteria-rich tissues as well as fecal samples from soil samples and feces samples, unlike its silicon carbide (SiC) counterpart which may fragment under pressure.
FAQ
PMSA provides an efficient method for detecting potential recombinant prions, with zirconia-silica beads providing excellent seeding capacities that allow their propagation or expansion in subsequent reactions of PMSA reaction. It raises important questions regarding spontaneous protein misfolding within biological systems and raises significant speculation on its nature and frequency. PMSA procedure offers an inexpensive and straightforward means of identifying distinct recombinant prion strains via electrophoretic banding patterns following proteinase K digestion (PMSA procedure).
PMSA reactions can be performed using various beads in addition to glass ones, with 1mm diameter zirconium silicate beads being the optimal choice for inducing true spontaneous rec-PrP misfolding due to their higher density (3.0g/cc compared with 2.5g/cc in glass beads), which increases propagation of preformed prions.
To determine whether zirconium silicate beads could trigger true spontaneous rec-PrP misfolding, dried prion-coated glass spheres were serially diluted (1:10 from 10-1 to 10-8) with PMSA substrate, supplemented by three zirconium silicate beads measuring one millimeter in diameter from BioSpec Products Inc (BioSpec). After the reaction had completed 24 hours at 39 degrees with 700rpm shaking and shaking at 39 degC, beads were recovered, washed thoroughly in PBS before being reused as seeds in another reaction with fresh substrate and additional non prion-coated beads.
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